Barophiles, aka piezophiles, are extremophiles; microorganisms that thrive under extremely high pressures, at pressures of 70 to 80 MPa. While other living organisms could not survive the deepest section of the ocean, the barophiles could.
At Mariana trench, the deepest seafloor at a depth of over 10,000 meters, barophiles were found flourishing around deep sea vents.
At this point in time, scientists don’t know all the mechanisms by which barophiles cope with high pressures.
However, many microorganisms have adapted to combat loss of membrane fluidity due to high pressures by incorporating a greater percentage of unsaturated fatty acids into the lipid membrane.
Another adaptive mechanism may be to increase the natural rates of DNA or protein repair, undoing the damage induced by highpressures.
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